ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: La emergencia de Klebsiella productora de carbapenemasas resistente a colistín representa un desafío clínico y un problema emergente. Objetivo: Evaluar la mortalidad intrahospitalaria y sus potenciales factores de riesgo en pacientes internados con infecciones clínicas por Klebsiella pneumoniae productora de carbapenemasas (KPC) resistente a colistín. Material y Método: Realizamos un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, incluyendo pacientes adultos admitidos a un hospital universitario de tercer nivel en Buenos Aires, infectados por KPC resistente a colistín. El evento primario considerado fue la mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Se utilizaron modelos generalizados lineales para evaluar potenciales predictores de dicho evento. Resultados: En total, se identificaron 18 pacientes hospitalizados que presentaron una infección clínica por esta bacteria durante el año 2016 y que fueron incluidos en el análisis final. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria en esta cohorte fue de 38,9%. La presencia de bacteriemia, la injuria renal aguda al momento del diagnóstico y la presencia de shock séptico se asociaron a la ocurrencia del evento primario. Conclusión: El desarrollo de infecciones clínicamente relevantes por KPC resistente a colistín en pacientes internados es frecuente y presenta una elevada mortalidad. En nuestra cohorte, la presencia de shock e injuria renal aguda al momento del diagnóstico se asociaron a un incrementado riesgo de mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Futuras investigaciones deberían corroborar estos hallazgos e investigar factores adicionales que permitan identificar tempranamente a aquellos pacientes que presentarán eventos desfavorables.
ABSTRACT Background: The emergence of colistin resistant carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella represents a therapeutic challenge and a worldwide problem. Aim: To estimate the in-hospital mortality and identify the associated risk factors among patients with colistin-resistant carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) that present with a clinical infection. Methods: We carried a retrospective cohort study, including adult patients infected with colistin-resistant KPC hospitalized at a tertiary teaching hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina during the year 2016. The main outcome was in-hospital mortality. We used generalized lineal models to evaluate potential predictors of mortality. Results: 18 patients that developed a colistin-resistant KPC clinical infection were identified and included in the final analysis. In-hospital mortality in this cohort was 38.9%. The presence of bacteremia, acute renal injury at the time of diagnosis and septic shock were associated with the main outcome. Conclusions: Infections due to colistin-resistant KPC among in-hospital patients was frequent and was associated with high mortality rate. In our cohort, both shock and acute kidney injury were associated with a higher likelihood of poor outcomes. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the role of these and others risk factors so as to aid in the early detection of high risk patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Klebsiella Infections/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Colistin , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Argentina , Klebsiella Infections/enzymology , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Drug Resistance, BacterialABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the profile of patients with microorganisms resistant to carbapenems, and the prevalence of the enzyme Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in interobacteriaceae. Methods Retrospective descriptive study. From the isolation in bacteriological tests ordered by clinicians, we described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with enterobacteria resistants to carbapenems at a university hospital, between March and October 2013. Results We included 47 isolated patients in this study, all exhibiting resistance to carbapenems, including 9 patients who were confirmed as infected/colonized with K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. Isolation in tracheal aspirates (12; 25.5%) predominated. The resistance to ertapenem, meropenem, and imipenem was 91.5%, 83.0% and 80.0%, respectively. Aminoglycosides was the class of antimicrobials that showed the highest sensitivity, 91.5% being sensitive to amikacin and 57.4% to gentamicin. Conclusion The K. pneumoniae carbapenemase was an important agent in graun isotaling in hospital intection. The limited therapeutic options emphasize the need for rapid laboratory detection, as well as the implementation of measures to prevent and control the spread of these pathogens. .
Objetivo Analisar o perfil dos pacientes que apresentaram microrganismos com resistência aos carbapenêmicos, e a prevalência da enzima Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase em enterobactérias. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo descritivo. A partir do isolamento em exames bacteriológicos solicitados pelos clínicos, descrevemos as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes que apresentaram enterobactérias resistentes aos carbapenêmicos entre março e outubro de 2013 em um hospital universitário. Resultados Foram incluídos 47 pacientes isolados, todos apresentando resistência aos carbapenêmicos, dos quais 9 tiveram confirmação de infecção/colonização por K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. Ocorreu predomínio de isolamento em aspirados traqueais (12; 25,5%). A resistência ao ertapenem, meropenem e imipenem foi de 91,5%, 83,0% e 80,0%, respectivamente. Os aminoglicosídeos foram a classe de antimicrobianos que apresentou maior sensibilidade, sendo 91,5% sensível a amicacina e 57,4% a gentamicina. Conclusão A K. pneumoniae carbapenemase constituiu um importante patógeno hospitalar em isolamento crescente nesse nosocômio. As limitadas opções terapêuticas reforçam a necessidade de uma rápida detecção laboratorial, assim como a implementação de medidas de prevenção e controle da disseminação desses patógenos. .